D-Mannose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide widely used in the pharmaceutical field. It has a range of important functions and can be obtained through various extraction methods. This article will introduce the extraction methods of D-Mannose and its pharmaceutical effects.

D-Mannose can be extracted from various sources. Here are several common extraction methods:

1. Natural source extraction: D-Mannose can be extracted from natural plants and foods such as birch trees, soybeans, seaweed, etc. Through extraction and purification processes, high-purity D-Mannose can be obtained from these natural sources.

2. Chemical synthesis: In addition to natural sources, D-Mannose can also be obtained through chemical synthesis methods. In the laboratory, D-Mannose can be synthesized through organic synthesis reactions and optimized synthetic routes to obtain pure D-Mannose.

D-Mannose has multiple effects in the pharmaceutical field, here are its main effects:

1. Antibacterial effect: D-Mannose is widely used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. It can bind to specific receptors on the surface of bacteria, preventing bacteria from adhering to the urethral wall, thereby reducing the risk of infection.

2. Immune regulation: D-Mannose has a regulatory effect on the immune system. It can enhance the immune function of specific cells, promote the activation and proliferation of immune cells, thereby enhancing the body's ability to fight pathogens.

3. Anti-inflammatory effect: D-Mannose also has a certain anti-inflammatory effect. It can reduce inflammatory reactions, inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators, thereby relieving symptoms and discomfort related to inflammation.

4. Antioxidant effect: As a natural antioxidant, D-Mannose can scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress damage to cells, and protect cells from oxidative damage.

In conclusion, D-Mannose can be obtained through natural sources or chemical synthesis. It has antibacterial, immune-regulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in the pharmaceutical field. By researching and applying D-Mannose, new directions and possibilities can be provided for the treatment of urinary tract infections, immune regulation, and inflammation-related diseases.