液粘调速器英文说明书-Hydroviscous drive？ H ydroviscous Drive H ydroviscous drive (HVD) is an energy-conservation product with high efficiency newly developed by Liaoning Huafu Petroleum High-Tech Co., Ltd (Huafu) .It has passed technical appraisal organized by Liaoning Province on July 24, 2004, and the achievement of which has reached world advanced stage. YL － 8 HVD ： YL － symbol of HVD; 8 －symbol of nominal torque, the unit of which is kN·m. YL－8 shows that the equipment can transmit torque of 8000 N·m. HVD is a new fluid drive equipment, the principle of which is the viscosity of fluid and the shear effect of oil film, as expressed by Newton’s internal-friction law. Characteristics: ◆ The main AC motor can be separated from or connected with working machine, and the speed can be regulated steplessly. ◆ Closed loop control of rotation speed can be realized manually, automatically or long-distance by automatic controlling system. ◆ It is widely used in mining, metallurgy, petroleum, chemistry and water supply fields, for large power fans and pumps to save energy, for loaded machines with large inertia to start smoothly, and to protect transmitting system from over-loading in starting or braking stage, and for all parts in transmitting system to be protected when over-loaded. ◆ It is a new mechanical product with simple structure, high running reliability, maintainability and operability, apparent energy-conservation effect, and low price. Currently, with the development of nation’s economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, the electric power consumption goes up dramatically and the lack of nation’s electric power supply becomes increasingly apparent. Thus the measures of power-cutting have to be taken in peak time . Therefore, while we develop electric industry rapidly, electricity-conservation is another urgent thing for us to do. According to an authoritative investigation, the energy consumed by fans and pumps accounts for one third of the total electric power output and 45% of industrial electricity consumption in China. Based on a statistics, by the end of 1999, there are 7.8 million fans, 40 million pumps and 5.6million compressors in China. Therefore, saving electric energy consumed by fans, pumps and compressors is the key to electricity-conservation. At present, most motors matching with fans and pumps rotate with constant speed. Valves and baffles are opened larger or smaller to regulate the flow rate when necessary. Consequently, much power is lost and energy is wasted. If the transmitting equipment HVD is added between the motor and the working machine, then the flow rate can be adjusted by changing the rotating speed of the working machine, and thus the energy can be saved. HVD is the energy-conservation product with high efficiency developed for large power fans and pumps to meet the demand of speed-changing. Principle, Structure and Working 1 Principle The foundation is Newton ’ s internal friction law, namely, power can be transmitted by the viscosity of fluid and the shearing effect of the oil film. Newton ’ s internal friction law can be expressed as follows by and large: If there is viscous fluid full of the space between two parallel boards, and the thickness of the oil film is δ,then, when the lower board keeps fixed and the upper board moves parallel to the lower one with velocity υ,the fluid between the boards will be subjected to shear force. The shearing force of oil film is in direct proportion to the board area A and the velocity gradient υ/δ(or shearing rate): F ∝ A or, shearing stress τ is in direct proportion to the viscosity of fluid and the shearing speed υ, and is in inverse proportion to oil film thickness δ. = = Therefore hydroviscous drive device transmitting large power can be designed as long as the structure parameters are properly selected. Employing this principle to HVD, every pair of driving friction disc and driven friction disc corresponds to the two parallel boards in Newton’s internal friction law. Fully oil supplying from lubricating oil system to the space between driving friction discs and driven friction discs corresponds to the viscous fluid between the two boards in Newton’s internal friction law. When the gaps between the friction discs are and the rotating speed of the driving friction discs and the driven friction discs are ω1 and ω2 respectively, the torque that can be transmitted by the discs is obtained: M=n A( ω1-ω2 )(R+r)/2 From the formula above it is obvious that when the parameters are constant, the ability of HVD to transmit torque is in direct proportion to the viscosity of oil and to the difference of rotation speed ( 1- 2), and is in reverse proportion to the gap . The gap is the main parameter for HVD to regulate the torque transmitted and the revolution speed of the loaded machine. 2 Structure Ⅰ－ principle machine Ⅱ -1 － lubricating oil system(hydraulic system) Ⅱ -2 － controlling oil system(hydraulic system) Ⅲ－ automatic controlling system 1 、 pressure transmitter 2 、 driving shaft 3 、 supporting plate 4 、 driven hub 5 、 driving friction discs 6 、 driven friction discs 7 、spring-pushing plate 8、spring 9、hydrocylinder 10 、driven shaft 11、rotation speed transmitter 12 、magnetoelectric rotation speed sensor 13、speed-measuring fluted disc 14、driven plate 15、piston 16、 pressure transmitter 17 、pressure gauge 18、overflow valve 19、fine oilfilter 20 、controlling oil pump 21、motor for controlling oil pump 22 、electric heater in oil tank 23、 univertor 24 、throttling orifice plate 25、temperature transmitter 26 、temperature transmitter 27、coarse oilfilter 28 、temperature transmitter 29、oil tank 30、overflow valve 31 、motor for lubricating oil pump 32、lubricating oil pump 33 、pressure gauge 34、cooler 35、temperature gauge HVD consists of three parts: principle machine, hydraulic system and automatic system. 2.1 Principle machine It mainly comprises driving part, driven part, executing part of controlling system and supporting part. 2.1.1 The driving part consists of driving shaft (2) and driving friction discs (5). There are external teeth on the right of driving shaft, mating with the internal teeth on driving friction discs. Thus the driving shaft and the driving friction discs can be connected and rotate synchronously. There are radial oil holes, axial oil holes and oil-jetting holes the shaft for lubricating oil to pass through. 2.1.2 The driven part consists of driven shaft(10), driven plate(14), driven hub(4), supporting plate(3) and driven friction discs(6) The driven friction discs with external teeth mates with the driven hub with internal teeth, and rotate with the driven hub synchronously. There are oil holes on external surface for the lubricating oil passing through the gaps between the friction discs to return to the oil tank. The executing part of controlling system consists of hydrocylinder(9), piston(15), spring(8) and spring-pushing plate(7). Applied by the pressure of controlling oil, the piston moves left against the spring force, which makes the gaps between the friction discs thinner. When the pressure of controlling oil becomes smaller, the piston moves right due to the spring force, which makes the gaps thicker. 2.2 Hydraulic system One is lubricating oil system, and the other is controlling oil system. 2.2. Lubricating oil system comprises oil tank (29), coarse oilfilter (27), motor for lubricating oil pump(31), lubricating oil pump(32), cooler(34), temperature gauge(35), overflow valve(30) and electric heater in oil tank, etc. The function of lubricating oil system is to pump sufficient oil into the gaps between the discs, so that working oil film can be formed. Simultaneously, the heat due to the different the rotation speed of the motor and the HVD is taken to the cooler to be dispersed. The controlling oil system comprises motor for controlling oil pump(21), controlling oil pump(20), fine oilfilter(19), pressure gauge(17), throttling orifice plate(24) and univertor(23), etc. In controlling oil system, according to the requirements of the different displacement of working machine, working oil is provided to the cylinder with various pressures. The higher the pressure, the higher the rotation speed of the working machine, and vice versa. 2.3 Automatic controlling system It consists of monitoring part, equipment-controlling part, primary instruments and onsite equipments. The pressure of the cylinder in controlling oil system varies along with the frequency of the univertor changes. The output frequency can be designated automatically by controlling system (or manually) in range of 0 ～50Hz. Therefore, by adjusting the frequency of the univertor, the pressure of the controlling oil system can be regulated steplessly to 0～2.5MPa. Consequently the rotation speed of the HVD can be changed continuously. 3 Working The driving shaft of HVD is connected to asynchronous motor through one semi- coupling, and the driven shaft to the working machine through the other. Power is transferred from input shaft to driving friction discs and, at the same time, lubricating oil is pumped to the gaps between friction discs. So the power is passed to the oil film, then to driven friction discs, at last to driven shaft. Principle of energy-conservation The foundation for HVD to save energy is the characteristics of fans and pumps: 1.Displacement Q ∝n； 2.Pressure H ∝n2； 3.Power P ∝n3。 Where n is the rotation speed of driven shaft. That is to say, when the revolution speed of working machine reduces slightly, the shaft power reduces dramatically, as is shown in the table below. Displacement Q, pressure H and shaft power VS rotation speed n Rotation speed n (%) Displacement Q (%) Pressure H (%) Shaft power P (%) 100 100 100 100 90 90 81 72.9 80 80 64 51.2 70 70 49 34.3 60 60 36 21.6 50 50 25 12.5 From the table above we can see that when the water injection rate needed is 80% of the nominal one, we can adjust the rotation speed to 80% of the nominal, and the power of shaft is 51.2% of the nominal one. When the water injection rate needed is 50% of the nominal, the rotation speed can be regulated to 50% of the nominal speed, the power of shaft is 12.5% of the nominal. The effect of energy-conservation is obvious. In a word, the reason why HVD can save energy lies in: ◆ The “core” is that the rotation speed of the working machine can be regulated steplessly. ◆ The “ essence ” is the characteristics of the working machine. ◆ The “condition” is that the flow rate is needed to change according to the demand of production. ◆ The chart below shows the different relation between the power consumed and the flow rate when the flow rate is regulated by valves and baffles, or by changing the rotation speed of HVD. Analysis and Calculation of Energy-conservation ◆ Records of test Table 1 Sep 28, 2002 No.2 Gathering Station, Shuguang Oil Recover Plant, Liaohe Oilfield Flow Rate(m3/h) Pressure of Pipeline(MPa) Amperage (A) By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son 220 220 same 14 14 same 160 186 Save26 190 190 same 13.6 13.6 same 142 171 Save29 170 170 same 12.8 12.8 same 130 161 Save 31 Table 2 Mar 9 ，2004 No.1 Gathering Station, Jinma Oilfield Co., Ltd. Flow Rate (m3/h) Pressure of Pipeline (MPa) Amperage (A) By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son By YL-8 HVD By Valvs & Baffls Compari-son 110 110 same 13 13 same 58 85 Save27 130 130 same 13.5 13.5 same 72 88 Save16 140 140 same 14.2 14.2 same 82 90 Save8 The motors are usually of high voltage, the working current of which is transmitted to an ampere meter on an electric control cabinet through a mutualinductor. The effect of energy-conservation of the motor can be calculated by observing, recording and comparison. Take table 1 for example (Date: Sep 28, 2002, Site: No.2 Gathering Station, Shuguang Oil Recover Plant, Liaohe Oilfield ), when the flow rate is 220 m3/h, the conclusion can be made as follows through calculation (the process is omitted): Power-saving: 216.8kW, Energy-saving rate: 12.8%, Annual energy-saving: 1,899,168kW · h, Annual capital-saving: 873,617.3 RMB. (Note: the price for electricity is 0.46 RMB/kW · h currently) From the calculation above, it is obvious that energy can be saved dramatically when HVD is used to change the rotation speed of working machine and to regulate the flow rate. ◆ Effect of energy-conservation 节能效果与负载的功率大小及其调速范围密切相关。负载的功率相同时，越是在低速下运行， 节能效果越是显著；负载的功率不同时，负载的功率越大，节约电能越多。 The effect of energy-conservation is closely related to the power of the working machine and the scope of speed-regulating. When the power of working machine is same, the lower the rotation speed, the more obvious the effect. When the power of working machine is different, the larger the power, the more obvious the effect. Characteristics and Specifications 1 Characteristics ◆ Fluid drive; starting-up with light duty; regulating rotation speed steplessly, saving energy; protecting equipments when over loaded. ◆ HVD is a new mechanical product easy to manufacture with simple structure, low price, high running reliability, operability and maintainability, apparent energy-conservation effect; In the field of speed-adjusting, HVD has obvious advantages compared with other ways. Synchro-drive can be achieved with high efficiency and without the pollution to electric net. 2 Specifications ◆ A stepless speed regulation of loaded machine can be easily realized in the range of 30%～100%. ◆ Synchro-drive can be achieved with high efficiency and without loss of revolution speed. ◆ The motors can be started up in the condition of empty and light duty, which consequently shortens the impact time acting on electric net caused by start current and protects the working machine when overloaded. ◆ Applied to fans and pumps, when the rotation speed is regulated to 80%～90% of the nominal one, HVD can save electric energy by 13％～24％；when the speed is 70％～80％ of the nominal, it can saves 24％～32％ of energy; and when the speed is 40％～60％, it can saves 46％～52％. Market forecast ◆ By the end of 1999, there are 7.8 million fans, 40 million pumps and 5.6million compressors in China, which accounts for one third of the total electric-power output. ◆ According to the statistics, the total capacities of high voltage motors (3kV above) reach 144 million kW, and increase 5000～6000 MW annually. If one third (35%) of the motors need to change speed, the capacities to be rehandled is about 210×35%=74 million kW in the next 10 years. If the price of HVD is 500RMB/kW，the total market share is about 500×74×106＝37 billion RMB. The total demand is between 25～30 billion RMB in the next 10 years when other factors are taken into account. The annual market share is 2.5～3.0 billion RMB in mature stage. ◆ Besides Huafu there are only two factories in China (not professional factories) for the time being can produce HVD. Furthermore, the HVD they produced are confined to small power and low speed products, and the accumulative total amount is no more than 300, which is far from meeting the demand of energy-conservation. It is believed that through the practical application, the well performance and the remarkable effect of energy-conservation will be favored by customer, and the products will in no doubt have a bright future. ◆ Currently, only America, Japan and China possess this technology in the world. China has its own intellectual property, and its technology is advanced in the world. In the future, HVD made by Huafu will enter international market. To sum up, HVD is an ideal energy-conservation product with remarkable effect, possessing large economic and social benefits. Without question, it will be a product hit the nail on the head due to the shortage of energy resources and electric power. Liaoning Huafu Petroleum High-Tech Co., Ltd 查看更多1个回答 . 1人已关注
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