延迟焦化讨论？ news: chemical engineering november 1, 2008 chementator: this process improvement speeds up delayed coking edited by gerald ondrey click here for full pdf version of this article - includes all graphs, charts, tables, and author information decoking in a delayed coker operation is a laborious process that can take up to 18 h. a new method that reduces the time to 6 h has been developed by us cokertech, llc (norman, okla.). this effectively triples capacity for the same drum size, says kazem ganji, president. in a conventional delayed coker, residual or heavy oil in a petroleum refinery is pumped through a tube furnace at 900–940°f into one of two parallel coke drums. vapors pass to a fractionator, and coke accumulates in the drum. when the drum is full it is taken offline for decoking, and the feed is redirected to the second drum. in decoking, the drum is purged with steam to remove volatile material, filled with water to cool the coke, then the drum is drained and the solid coke is removed by a hydraulic cutter. cokertech’s improved delayed coker unit (idcu) cuts the decoking time and reduces operating costs by eliminating the cooling and hydraulic cutting steps. instead, steam is injected into the top of the drum to maintain the drum pressure at 50 psig, a valve is opened at the bottom of the drum, and the coke is pushed out by the steam (diagram). "at that temperature (above 900°f) the coke is basically a powder, so it’s easily removed," says ganji. "but when you cool it with water it becomes a hard, solid mass." a crusher at the drum exit maintains a maximum particle size of about 1 in. to avoid clogging a downstream heat exchanger, where the coke is cooled to raise steam. ganji says a new idcu unit costs $2,500–3,500 per bbl/d, versus $5,000–6,000 for a conventional coker drum, while an existing coker can be modified for $750–1,000 per bbl/d. the coke-making cycle of the process can be reduced to match the decoking time by installing a larger furnace, which costs much less than a drum, he says. cokertech has piloted the process, and ganji says he has a letter of intent for the installation of 12,500-bbl/d idcus in 12 minirefineries. 金陵分公司技术质量处 徐宝平 翻译 化学工程 新闻 2008年11月1日 关联词：这个生产过程加速了延迟焦化生产速度 除焦是延迟焦化过程中的一个人工操作过程，时间长达18小时。美国cokertech公司开发了一种可以将这过程压缩到6小时的新方法。公司代表卡兹姆.甘吉先生说，这可以让同样大小的焦炭塔提高三倍的处理能力， 在传统的延迟焦化装置中，炼厂减压渣油或重油被加热炉加热到900-940华氏度（482-504℃）后，通过管道输送到并列的两个焦炭塔中的一个，气体到分馏塔，焦炭积累在焦炭塔，当焦炭塔装满焦炭后就要切出生产过程进行除焦，进料切换到另一个焦炭塔。在除焦过程中，焦炭塔注入蒸汽除去挥发份物质，在装水冷却焦炭，放水后用水力切焦器除去焦炭。 cokertech公司的改进型延迟焦化装置（idco）通过消除冷却和切焦过程缩短了除焦时间，降低了操作费用。蒸汽在焦炭塔顶部注入以维持焦炭塔3.5kg/cm2的压力，焦炭塔底有一个阀门，焦炭就被蒸汽挤压出这个阀门（如图所示）。查看更多
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